Diagnostic Test of Rapid Antigen SARS Cov-2 against RT-PCR on Suspected Symptomatic COVID-19 Patients at Rato Ebu Hospital Bangkalan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35882/ijahst.v2i3.3Keywords:
Sensitivity and specificity, Rapid Antigen, RT-PCRAbstract
COVID-19 is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Two tests to detect the SARS-CoV-2 virus are the rapid antigen test and RT-PCR. The gold standard for testing for COVID-19 is RT-PCR. The high number of Covid-19 sufferers in Madura plus the RT-PCR examination takes a long time. Rapid antigen examination is one of the Covid-19 screening solutions that should be tested because it offers fast examination times. This study aims to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the SARS COV-2 rapid antigen test to RT PCR for the diagnosis of COVID 19. This type of research is an analytical study with a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted at Rato Ebu Hospital Bangkalan from July-September 2021. The sample of this study was suspected symptomatic COVID-19 patients who were examined using the SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen and RT-PCR using purposive sampling of as many as 60 people. Diagnostic test method by measuring the sensitivity and specificity of rapid antigen to RT-PCR. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the sensitivity of the SARS Cov-2 Rapid Antigen to RT-PCR is 82.97% and the specificity of the SARS Cov-2 Rapid Antigen to RT-PCR is 100%.
Downloads
References
Zhou, P.; Yang, X.-L.; Wang, X.-G.; Hu, B.; Zhang, L.; Zhang, W.; Si, H.-R.; Zhu, Y.; Li, B.; Huang, C.-L.; et al. A Pneumonia Outbreak Associated with a New Coronavirus of Probable Bat Origin. Nature 2020, 579, pp. 270–273.
Zhu, N.; Zhang, D.; Wang, W.; Li, X.; Yang, B.; Song, J.; Zhao, X.; Huang, B.; Shi, W.; Lu, R.; et al. A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019. N. Engl. J. Med. 2020, 382, pp.727–733.
Pan, K.-Y.; How come, AAL; Eikelenboom, M.; Horsfall, M.; Jörg, F.; Luteijn, RA; Rhebergen, D.; van Oppen, P.; Giltay, EJ; Penninx, BWJH The Mental Health Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on People with and without Depressive, Anxiety, or Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders: A Longitudinal Study of Three Dutch Case-Control Cohorts. Lancet Psychiatry 2021, 8, pp.121–129.
Mofijur, M.; Fattah, IMR; Nature, MA; Islam, ABMS; Ong, HC; Rahman, SMA; Najafi, G.; Ahmed, SF; Uddin, MA; Mahlia, TMI Impact of COVID-19 on the Social, Economic, Environmental and Energy Domains: Lessons Learned from a Global Pandemic. sustain. prod. consumption. 2021, 26, pp. 343–359.
Patel R, Babady E, Theel E, et al. 2020. Report from the American Society for Microbiology COVID-19. MBio 2020;11(2). pp. 1–5.
Corman VM, Landt O, Kaiser M, et al. Detection of 2019-nCoV by RT-PCR. Euro Surveillance. 2020;25(3). pp. 1-8
Lu, X.; Wang, L.; Sakthivel, SK; Whitaker, B.; Murray, J.; Kamili, S.; Lynch, B.; Malapati, L.; Burke, SA; Harcourt, J.; et al. US CDC Real-Time Reverse Transcription PCR Panel for Detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. Emerg. infected. Dec. 2020, 26, pp. 1654–1665.
Shen, M.; Zhou, Y.; Ye, J.; Abdullah AL-maskri, AA; Kang, Y.; Zeng, S.; Cai, S. Recent Advances and Perspectives of Nucleic Acid Detection for Coronavirus. J. Pharm. anal. 2020, 10, pp. 97–101.
Chaimayo, C.; Kaewnaphan, B.; Tanlieng, N.; Athipanyasilp, N.; Sirijatuphat, R.; Chayakulkeeree, M.; Angkasekwinai, N.; Sutthent, R.; Puangpunngam, N.; Tharmviboonsri, T.; et al. Rapid SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Detection Assay in Comparison with Real-Time RT-PCR Assay for Laboratory Diagnosis of COVID-19 in Thailand. viral. J. 2020, 17 pp.1-7.
WHO. Diagnostic Tests for SARS-CoV-2: Interim guidance. World Health Organization, (September 2020), pp.1–19.
Berger, A., Nsoga, MTN, Perez-Rodriguez, FJ, Aad, YA, Sattonnet-Roche, P., Gayet-Ageron, A., Eckerle, I. Diagnostic accuracy of two commercial SARSCoV-2 antigen-detecting rapid tests at the point of care in community-based testing centers. PLoS ONE, 16(3 March 2021), pp.1–12.
Torres, I., Poujois, S., Albert, E., Colomina, J., & Navarro, D. Evaluation of a rapid antigen test (PanbioTM COVID-19 Ag rapid test device) for SARS-CoV-2 detection in asymptomatic close contacts of COVID-19 patients. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 2021. 27(4), pp.1-4
Huang, C.; Wang, Y.; Li, X.; Ren, L.; Zhao, J.; Hu, Y.; Zhang, L.; Fan, G.; Xu, J.; Gu, X.; et al. Clinical Features of Patients Infected with 2019 Novel Coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet 2020, 395, pp. 497–506.
Saniasiaya, J.; Islam, MA; Abdullah, B. Prevalence and Characteristics of Taste Disorders in Cases of COVID-19: A Meta-Analysis of 29,349 Patients. Otolaryngol.—Head Neck Surg. 2021, 165, pp. 33–42.
Kiyasu, Y.; Takeuchi, Y.; Akashi, Y.; Kato, D.; Kuwahara, M.; Muramatsu, S.; Nottake, S.; Ueda, A.; Nakamura, K.; Ishikawa, H.; et al. Prospective Analytical Performance Evaluation of the QuickNaviTM-COVID19 Ag for Asymptomatic Individuals. J. Infects. Chemothers. 2021, 27, pp. 1489–1492.
Eleftheriou, I.; Dasoula, F.; Dimopoulou, D.; Lebessi, E.; Serafi, E.; Spyridis, N.; Tsolia, M. Real-life Evaluation of a COVID-19 Rapid Antigen Detection Test in Hospitalized Children. J. Med. viral. 2021, 93, pp.6040–6044.
Brümmer, LE; Katzenschlager, S.; Gaeddert, M.; Erdmann, C.; Schmitz, S.; Bota, M.; Grilli, M.; Larmann, J.; Weigand, MA; Pollock, NR; et al. Accuracy of Novel Antigen Rapid Diagnostics for SARS-CoV-2: A Living Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS Med. 2021, 18, e1003735. pp. 1-41
Khandker, SS; Nik Hashim, NHH; Deris, ZZ; Shueb, RH; Islam, MA Diagnostic Accuracy of Rapid Antigen Test Kits for Detecting SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 17,171 Suspected COVID-19 Patients. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 3493.
Shah, VP; Farah, WH; Hills, J.C.; Hassett, LC; Binnicker, MJ; Yao, JD; Murad, MH Association Between SARS-CoV-2 Cycle Threshold Values and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. OpenForum Infects. Dec. 2021, 8, ofab453.
Damo, NY, Porotu'o, JP, Rambert, GI, & Rare, FES (2021). Diagnostics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) with Clinical Microbiology Laboratory Examination. Journal of E-Biomedicine, 9(1), pp. 77–86.
WHO. Implementation of Antigen RDT (Ag-RDT) to detect COVID-19 cases in Indonesia. (December 2021), pp. 19–22.
Blairon, L.; Cupaiolo, R.; Thomas, I.; Piteüs, S.; Wilmet, A.; Beukinga, I.; Tré-Hardy, M. Efficacy Comparison of Three Rapid Antigen Tests for SARS-CoV-2 and How Viral Load Impact Their Performance. J. Med. viral. 2021, 93, pp. 5783–5788.
Aoki, K.; Nagasawa, T.; Ishii, Y.; Yagi, S.; Okuma, S.; Kashiwagi, K.; Maeda, T.; Miyazaki, T.; Yoshizawa, S.; Tateda, K. Clinical Validation of Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Assays to Estimate SARS-CoV-2 Viral Loads in Nasopharyngeal Swabs. J. Infects. Chemothers. 2021, 27, pp. 613–616.
Amer, RM; Samir, M.; Gaber, OA; EL-Deeb, NA; Abdelmoaty, AA; Ahmed, AA; Samy, W.; Atta, AH; Wala, M.; Anis, RH Diagnostic Performance of Rapid Antigen Test for COVID-19 and the Effect of Viral Load, Sampling Time, Subject's Clinical and Laboratory Parameters on Test Accuracy. J. Infects. Public Health 2021, 14, pp. 1446–1453
Jegerlehner, S., Suter-Rinker, F., Jent, P., Bittel, P., & Nagler, M. (2021). Diagnostic accuracy of a SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen test in real-life clinical settings: Antigen tests in real-life clinical settings. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 109, pp. 118–122
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Anik Handayati
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlikel 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
