Correlation Between HIV Rapid Test and HIV Viral Load in HIV Patients at Haji Hospital in Surabaya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35882/ijahst.v3i4.290Keywords:
HIV, rapid test, viral load HIV.Abstract
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a virus that causes decreased immunity. Examinations that can be done for HIV testing include a rapid HIV test and HIV viral load. The rapid HIV test is a test that is used to find out the antibodies in the sample, while the viral load test is to find out the amount of HIV. The purpose of this study was to compare HIV using a rapid test with HIV viral load in people with HIV. This type of research is observational with a cross-sectional approach. The sample in this study were 30 samples from HIV sufferers who carried out an HIV viral load examination using the Molecular Rapid Test (TCM) method at the RSUD Haji Provinsi Jawa Timur, then a rapid HIV test was carried out using the immunochromatography method. The results of the HIV rapid test and HIV viral load were processed in the form of a bar chart and tested with the McNemar statistical test. The results of the McNemar test can be concluded that there is a significant difference between the results of the HIV viral load examination of HIV viral load by the Molecular Rapid Test (TCM) method is superior to the HIV rapid test. However, rapid tests can be used in diagnosing HIV infection.
Downloads
References
S. R. Rahayu et al., “Prevalence and Determinants of Opportunistic Infections in HIV Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study in the City of Semarang,” Ethiop. J. Heal. Sci., vol. 32, no. 4, hal. 809–816, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v32i4.18.
D. R. Alchin, “HIV vaccine development: an exploratory review of the trials and tribulations,” Immunol. Res., vol. 60, no. 1, hal. 35–37, 2014, doi: 10.1007/s12026-014-8551-y.
Direktur Jenderal P2P, “Laporan Perkembangan HIV AIDS & Penyakit lnfeksi Menular Seksual (PIMS) Triwulan I Tahun 2021,” Kementeri. Kesehat. RI, vol. 4247608, no. 021, hal. 613–614, 2021, [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://siha.kemkes.go.id/portal/perkembangan-kasus-hiv-aids_pims#
T. Glass, L. Myer, dan M. Lesosky, “The role of HIV viral load in mathematical models of HIV transmission and treatment: A review,” BMJ Glob. Heal., vol. 5, no. 1, 2020, doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001800.
E. Durman, “Diagnosis Serologis Infeksi Human Immunodeficiency Virus,” Maj. Kedokt. FK UKI, vol. XXVIII, no. 3, hal. 126–132, 2016, [Daring]. Tersedia pada: http://ejournal.uki.ac.id/index.php/mk/article/view/1884
M. Nash, S. Huddart, S. Badar, S. Baliga, K. Saravu, dan M. Paia, “Performance of the xpert HIV-1 viral load assay: A systematic review and meta-analysis,” J. Clin. Microbiol., vol. 56, no. 4, 2018, doi: 10.1128/JCM.01673-17.
M. S. Hamzah, F. Esfandiari, M. Anggraini, dan S. E. Kusmana, “Hubungan Kepatuhan Minum Obat Antiretroviral Pasca 6-12 Bulan dengan Kadar Viral Load Pada Lelaki Seks Lelaki (LSL) yang Terinfeksi Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Di Bandar Lampung Tahun 2019,” J. Med. Malahayati, vol. 4, no. 3, hal. 226–235, 2020.
T. I. A. S. Dewi, I. N. Wande, dan T. G. Oka, “Perbandingan hasil antara metode pemeriksaan elisa dan rapid test untuk skrining hiv/aids,” J. Med. Udayana, vol. 10, no. 2, hal. 1–5, 2021, doi: 10.24843.MU.2021.V10.i2.P01.
K. P. Delaney et al., “Using a Multitest Algorithm to Improve the Positive Predictive Value of Rapid HIV Testing and Linkage to HIV Care in Nonclinical HIV Test Sites,” J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, vol. 71, no. 1, hal. 78–86, 2017, doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000807.Using.
World Health Organization, “WHO Prequalification of In Vitro Diafnostics PUBLIC REPORT,” 2020. [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://extranet.who.int/pqweb/sites/default/files/PQDx_192-194-195-070_XpertHIV-1_v5.0.pdf
P. Bwana, J. Ageng’o, dan M. Mwau, “Performance and usability of Cepheid GeneXpert HIV-1 qualitative and quantitative assay in Kenya,” PLoS One, vol. 14, no. 3, hal. 1–10, 2019, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213865.
S. Kulkarni et al., “GeneXpert HIV-1 quant assay, a new tool for scale up of viral load monitoring in the success of ART programme in India,” BMC Infect. Dis., vol. 17, no. 1, hal. 1–9, 2017, doi: 10.1186/s12879-017-2604-5.
C. Liu et al., “Membrane-based, sedimentation-assited plasma separator for point-of-care applications,” Natl. Institutes Heal., vol. 85, no. 21, hal. 10463–10470, 2013, doi: 10.1021/ac402459h.Membrane-based.
Y. chao Qiao et al., “Epidemiological analyses of regional and age differences of HIV/AIDS prevalence in China, 2004–2016,” Int. J. Infect. Dis., vol. 81, hal. 215–220, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2019.02.016.
J. Pagaya dan B. J. Que, “Respons Imun Selluler Dan Humoral Terhadap Infeksi HIV,” Molucca Medica, vol. 11, no. 2, hal. 41–49, 2018, [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://ojs3.unpatti.ac.id/index.php/moluccamedica/article/view/873/922
B. R. Cobb, J. E. Vaks, T. Do, dan R. A. Vilchez, “Evolution in the sensitivity of quantitative HIV-1 viral load tests,” J. Clin. Virol., vol. 52, no. SUPPL. 1, hal. 77–82, 2011, doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2011.09.015.
S. Sudigdoadi, “Imunopatogenesis Infeksi HIV,” 2015. [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://pustaka.unpad.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/IMUNOPATOGENESIS-INFEKSI-HIV.pdf
Spiritia, “Tes Viral Load - Spirita,” Yayasan Spiritia, 2014. https://spiritia.or.id/artikel/detail/13 (diakses 12 Mei 2023).
E. D. Kurniawati dan D. Ayuningtyas, “Kinerja Pemeriksaan Hiv Pada Layanan Konseling Dan Tes Hiv Provinsi Dki Jakarta: Analisis Hasil Pemantapan Mutu Eksternal Imunologi Tahun 2016,” ETHOS (Jurnal Penelit. dan Pengabdian), vol. 6, no. 2, hal. 321–327, 2018, doi: 10.29313/ethos.v6i2.3173.
C. S. Pitchumoni dan A. Brun, “HIV Disease Current Practice,” Geriatr. Gastroenterol., hal. 659–666, Sep 2022, doi: 10.1007/978-1-4419-1623-5_71.
E. DeHaan et al., PEP to Prevent HIV Infection. Johns Hopkins University, 2022. Diakses: 22 Mei 2023. [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562734/
M. Boyd, M. Boffito, A. Castagna, dan V. Estrada, “Rapid initiation of antiretroviral therapy at HIV diagnosis: Definition, process, knowledge gaps,” HIV Med., vol. 20, hal. 3–11, 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/hiv.12708.
M. Putri, N. Arifa, Y. Tursinawati, dan Z. Wahab, “Hubungan Kepatuhan Meminum Obat Antiretroviral Dengan Kadar Viral Load Pada Penderita HIV Relationship between Adherence to taking Antiretroviral Drugs and Viral Load Levels in HIV Patients,” vol. 5, hal. 1490–1497, 2022.
I. Varella et al., “Antiretroviral adherence and virologic suppression in partnered and unpartnered HIV-positive individuals in southern Brazil,” PLoS One, vol. 14, no. 2, 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0212744.
D. Klarkowski, D. P. O’Brien, L. Shanks, dan K. P. Singh, “Causes of false-positive HIV rapid diagnostic test results,” Expert Rev. Anti. Infect. Ther., vol. 12, no. 1, hal. 49–62, 2014, doi: 10.1586/14787210.2014.86651
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Resty Cahya Pertiwi, Evy Diah Woelansari, Ayu Puspitasari

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlikel 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).