Advancing Patient Safety and Family-Centered Care (PFCC) Through Structured Bedside Handover: A Systematic Review and Conceptual Development of the GRANTE Framework

Abstract

Patient handover is a critical point in nursing care because it affects continuity of care, patient safety, and the involvement of patients and families. Bedside handover is a more transparent communication strategy because it is conducted directly at the patient’s bedside; however, its implementation still requires standardized guidance. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of bedside handover in improving patient safety and Patient- and Family-Centered Care (PFCC), and to formulate opportunities for developing the GRANTE Tool as a priority-assessment guide. Methods: This study used a systematic literature review design. Articles were searched through Google Scholar for the period 2021–2026 using keywords related to bedside handover, patient safety, patient/family involvement, patient satisfaction, SBAR, ISBAR, and nursing handover. From 400 initial articles, 18 articles met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed narratively. Results: The literature demonstrates that bedside handover and structured handover protocols are associated with improved communication quality, patient/family involvement, patient satisfaction, and patient safety. Most studies used SBAR, ISBAR, I-PASS, or standard checklists. The findings also indicate that patient and family involvement, education, open communication, and direct bedside verification are the main mechanisms that support PFCC and patient safety. This review identified a critical gap in existing structured handover models, which primarily emphasize communication sequencing rather than bedside clinical prioritization. Conclusion: Bedside handover is an significant strategy for improving patient safety and strengthening PFCC. Based on the synthesized evidence, the GRANTE framework is proposed as an operational bedside assessment guide integrating neurological status, risk identification, device verification, pain assessment, therapy monitoring, and patient-family education. Therefore, GRANTE can be developed as a priority-assessment guide to make bedside handover more systematic, comprehensive, and relevant to the needs of inpatient wards.